ABSTRACT
Carotenoids are efficient antioxidants that are of great importance for human health. Lutein and zeaxanthin are carotinoids present in high concentrations in the human retina which are involved in the photoprotection of the human eye. Lutein may also protect the skin from ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage. The present study investigated the protective effect of lutein extracted from yellow silk cocoons of Bombyx mori on human keratinocytes against UVB irradiation. A human keratinocyte cell line and primary human keratinocytes were used to investigate the UVB protection effects of silk lutein and plant lutein. Silk lutein showed no cytotoxicity to keratinocytes. Treatment with silk lutein prior to UVB irradiation enhanced cell viability and cell proliferation, and reduced cell apoptosis. The protective effects of silk lutein may be superior to those of plant lutein. Silk lutein may have a benefit for protection of keratinocytes against UVB-irradiation.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Keratinocytes/radiation effects , Lutein/pharmacology , Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology , Silk/chemistry , Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects , Apoptosis/drug effects , Apoptosis/radiation effects , Bombyx/metabolism , Cell Line , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/radiation effects , Cell Survival/radiation effects , Foreskin/radiation effects , Lutein/isolation & purification , Primary Cell Culture , Radiation-Protective Agents/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Sericin is a silk protein woven from silkworm cocoons (Bombyx mori). In animal model, sericin has been reported to have anti-tumoral action against colon cancer. The mechanisms underlying the activity of sericin against cancer cells are not fully understood. The present study investigated the effects of sericin on human colorectal cancer SW480 cells compared to normal colonic mucosal FHC cells. Since the size of the sericin protein may be important for its activity, two ranges of molecular weight were tested. Sericin was found to decrease SW480 and FHC cell viability. The small sericin had higher anti-proliferative effects than that of the large sericin in both cell types. Increased apoptosis of SW480 cells is associated with increased caspase-3 activity and decreased Bcl-2 expression. The anti-proliferative effect of sericin was accompanied by cell cycle arrest at the S phase. Thus, sericin reduced SW480 cell viability by inducing cell apoptosis via caspase-3 activation and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression. The present study provides scientific data that support the protective effect of silk sericin against cancer cells of the colon and suggests that this protein may have significant health benefits and could potentially be developed as a dietary supplement for colon cancer prevention.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Humans , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Colon/drug effects , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Sericins/pharmacology , Silk/chemistry , Bombyx , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Survival , Colon/cytology , Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism , Colonic Neoplasms/prevention & control , Intestinal Mucosa/cytology , Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects , Molecular Weight , Sericins/chemistryABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the radiosensitizing potential of Derris scandens extract in a human colon cancer cell model. Methods: The radiosensitizing effect of D., scandens extract on human colon cancer cells (HT-29) and non-cancerous human retinal epithelial cells (RPE) was determined by cell survival and micronuclei analysis after irradiation. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by a flow cytometer. Results: D. scandens extract powerfully increases the radiosensitivity of HT-29 cells, but is less toxic and does not affect the radiosensitivity of RPE cells. Furthermore, the extract was found to reduce radiation-induced G2/M phase arrest in HT-29 cells, but not in RPE cells. Conclusion: D., scandens extract may have potential as a radiosensitizer for cancer treatment.